Health+Topic+1++Diagnostic+and+therapeutic+tools.

= = Health Topic 1: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tools (Ye Eun, Alic, Kae) toc
 * ITGSOpedia Link**

For each of the following topics you are to find:
 * TWO recent (in the past 2 years) news items. Link to them, give a brief review under the What? So What? and Now What model?
 * TWO websites with relevant and updated information - provide link and paragraph of review
 * ONE embedded video
 * Add anything else that will help others understand the impact of IT on this area of health
 * **ALSO add** **links to other strands and make connection to other parts of the syllabus**: (see ITGSOpedia for examples of how this is done)
 * Strand 1 - Social and Ethical Issues
 * Strand 2 - Areas of impact
 * Strand 3 - IT Systems

__**Some general News Items:**__ [|Reducing foodborne illnesses] [|Toshiba's patient focus diagnostic imaging] [|Hitachi installs first Scenaria CT Scanner]

Surgery (Ye Eun)
[|New technology promises faster eye surgery] [|Robot performs radical hysterectomy surgery]
 * Phaco Machine used for eye surgery.
 * will be used for the first time this week by visiting ophthalmologists from the Prince of Whales Hospital who will conduct 30 surgeries.
 * this service will be delivered to 5 towns
 * makes eye surgery much faster and safer
 * will be treating upto 100 people per year
 * DaVinci Robot
 * It adds a lot of precision to surgery
 * Incisions are smaller, less pain for the patient, recovery time very short
 * Not everybody will be a candidate for the DaVinci surgical system
 * Only Memorial University Medical Center and St. Joseph's Candler hospital system have DaVinci Robots

__**Davinci Robotic System-Heart surgery with only 4 holes**__ media type="file" key="119628116787.flv" width="360" height="270" 2.4_health 2.4_diagonistic_therapeutic_tools 2.4_med_research 1.11 people_machines 3.1 Hardware

=__**Diagnostic Tools (Ye Eun)**__= CT scanners: CT scanners stand for computer aided tomography. MRI machines: MRI stands for magnetic resonance imaging.

CT scanners akl;sdjfa;sdlasldkf;asldkfjals;dkfjak;sdfjal;ksdjf;alksjf;alksdjf;klasdjfk;lajfal;asf MRI scanner

New systems process data from the scanners to produce 3-dimensional views that can be rotated for complete examination.
 * Both CT scanners and MRI machines produce pictures of internal body organs, muscle and other soft tissue that X-rays cannot see, without subjecting the patient to the risks of high-dose X-rays.
 * They use technique called **scientific visualization**
 * Computers process huge amounts of data and turn it into pictures that people can interpret easily.
 * Medical imaging is mostly used for diagnosis.
 * Example: diagnosing appendicitis was not easy, and about 20% of appendectomies were found to have been unnecessary until CT scans were used to confirm diagnoses before complex surgery. Now the improved detail of medical imaging allows its use for planning of complex surgeries.
 * Brain surgeons use images produced by MRI and other imaging machines in the operating room.
 * Advantages: reduce damage to critical parts of brain when moving tumors.
 * Advantages:
 * better plan for surgery
 * reduce risks
 * reduce discomfort of older diagnostic procedures
 * reduce time for a patient to lie down still from hours to only one minute

2.4_diagonistic_therapeutic_tools 1.11_people_machines

Prosthetic devices (Ye Eun)
[|__**Prosthetic limbs that can feel**__]
 * Scientists from Northwestern University, in Chicago, have shown that transplanting the nerves from an amputated hand to the chest allows patients to feel hand sensation. Now the patients can feel as though they have real hands.
 * Currently, patients operate their prostheses through visual feedback: they know that they've touched a cup when they see the arm hit it. Without sensory information, it's difficult for patients to determine if they are grasping the cup strongly enough to hold it without breaking it. "Sensation is a big missing piece of current prosthetics," says Robert Kirsch, associate director of the Functional Electrical Stimulation Center at Louis Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center, in Cleveland. "If this can provide a path to do that, it's a big step."

[|__**Elephant In Thailand Gets New Prosthetic Leg**__]
 * A fifty year-old elephant got a new prosthetic leg and is coming back lively after losing its leg.
 * It lost its leg after stepping on a mine in1999, the ones left over from the ongoing conflicts along the Thai-Myanmar border.
 * It finally got its leg in 2006 after the development of technology. Recently, the elephant got a new one according to its weight.



2.4_health 2.4_diagonistic_therapeutic_tools 2.4_med_research 1.11 people_machines 3.1 Hardware

Diagnostic technology (Alic)
Article 1: [|Toshiba's new diagnostic imaging help physicians provide safer examinations on patients] Toshiba develops new technology for diagnostics:

Aquilion one & Aquilion Premium: It covers more area and is capable of scanning entire organs in one go; up to "16cm of anatomy" using "320 ultra-high resolution" with "0.5 mm detectors" that provides the capability of imaging entire organs. The system also decreases radiation dose and makes the CT-scan a much safer technology in the medical world.

M-power user interface: This new feature allows the doctors to better interact with the scanning processes and create better 3D visualization. This enables increased "exam accuracy, streamline the imaging and visualization processes and reduce exam times." Furthermore this innovation benefits both the patient and doctor during diagnosis.

Aplio MX: Ultrasounds are common used to scan babies in the wombs of the mother. Toshiba's ultrasound Aplio is more ergonomic and features precision imaging and "Tissue Harmonics technologies." The end result is better resolution, smaller size, faster exams, accurate diagnosis regardless of patient weight size or health condition.

Article 2: [|Scientists perform diagnostic tests for Aids that may save more than thousands of lives] New diagnostic technology against AIDS: "The new, rapid blood test known as the CrAg Lateral Flow Assay leads to early diagnosis of cryptococcosis, a leading cause of AIDS-related deaths in developing countries, by detecting the cryptoccocal antigen. Using an antibody developed by Kozel, the point-of-care product is a simple dipstick test requiring no equipment." Many other current methods of diagnosing Cryptococcosis exist, however these are expensive, requires technical expertise, and special equipment, these factors make the diagnosis un-suitable in "rural clinics, hospitals or poor countries that lack proper infrastructure". Once this new diagnosis technique is put in full use by "2015," it is estimated that it will save approximately 50,000- 100,000 lives per year.

Ultrasound diagnostic technology video: media type="custom" key="10273283"

Rehabilitation (Alic)
[|Robots in Japan help the old and sick]

Patient monitoring (Kae)
media type="custom" key="10299217"

........................................................................................................................................................................... [|Electronic tattoo 'could revolutionise patient monitoring'] 1.11_people_machine 3.1_hardware 2.4_health
 * Article 1**
 * Scientist just innovate new device, which is thinner than human hair
 * Aimed for monitoring patients' heart and brain
 * The sensor can be attaches to human skin just like a temporary tattoo
 * Which can be removed, wrinkle and stretch without breaking
 * With this new invention, hospital do not need to use mass of cables, sticky pads and monitors for monitoring patients.

Video related to electronic tattoo media type="custom" key="10308715"

....................................................................................................................................................................... [|Device 'could revolutionise blood pressure monitoring'] 1.11_people_machine 3.1_hardware 2.4_health
 * Article 2**
 * There is a new device, which can be worn like a watch and the patient's blood pressure can be monitored
 * It works by a sensor in the watch, and recording the pulses wave of the artery
 * The signals from the watch will be transferred into a computer
 * This tool is much more accurate than reading than the traditional blood pressure reading from a cuf

Individualized IT solutions for disabled people (Kae)
[|Exercise Equipment for disabled] 2.4_diagnostic_therapeutic_tools 1.11_people_machine 2.4_health
 * Article 1**
 * A company came up with a machine that disabled people can use
 * 20% of disabled people are not healthy
 * The tool was innovated for disabled people to use and keep them healthy
 * There are many types of machines for different people (people with wheel chairs to exercise their arm, leg etc)
 * It is ergonomically friendly to any disabled people


 * Article 2**

................................................................................................................................................................................................... Link to the video (This video could not be embed therefore I just post the link... sorry)